Biodiversity in the Anthropocene: prospects and policy.
Identifieur interne : 002297 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002296; suivant : 002298Biodiversity in the Anthropocene: prospects and policy.
Auteurs : Nathalie Seddon [Royaume-Uni] ; Georgina M. Mace [Royaume-Uni] ; Shahid Naeem [États-Unis] ; Joseph A. Tobias [Royaume-Uni] ; Alex L. Pigot [Royaume-Uni] ; Rachel Cavanagh [Royaume-Uni] ; David Mouillot [France] ; James Vause [Royaume-Uni] ; Matt Walpole [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Proceedings. Biological sciences [ 1471-2954 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Meeting the ever-increasing needs of the Earth's human population without excessively reducing biological diversity is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, suggesting that new approaches to biodiversity conservation are required. One idea rapidly gaining momentum-as well as opposition-is to incorporate the values of biodiversity into decision-making using economic methods. Here, we develop several lines of argument for how biodiversity might be valued, building on recent developments in natural science, economics and science-policy processes. Then we provide a synoptic guide to the papers in this special feature, summarizing recent research advances relevant to biodiversity valuation and management. Current evidence suggests that more biodiverse systems have greater stability and resilience, and that by maximizing key components of biodiversity we maximize an ecosystem's long-term value. Moreover, many services and values arising from biodiversity are interdependent, and often poorly captured by standard economic models. We conclude that economic valuation approaches to biodiversity conservation should (i) account for interdependency and (ii) complement rather than replace traditional approaches. To identify possible solutions, we present a framework for understanding the foundational role of hard-to-quantify 'biodiversity services' in sustaining the value of ecosystems to humanity, and then use this framework to highlight new directions for pure and applied research. In most cases, clarifying the links between biodiversity and ecosystem services, and developing effective policy and practice for managing biodiversity, will require a genuinely interdisciplinary approach.
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2094
PubMed: 27928040
Affiliations:
- France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Grand Londres, Languedoc-Roussillon, Occitanie (région administrative), Oxfordshire, État de New York
- Londres, Montpellier, New York, Oxford
- University College de Londres, Université Columbia, Université d'Oxford
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Tobias</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Berkshire SL5 7PY</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pigot, Alex L" sort="Pigot, Alex L" uniqKey="Pigot A" first="Alex L" last="Pigot">Alex L. Pigot</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">University College de Londres</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cavanagh, Rachel" sort="Cavanagh, Rachel" uniqKey="Cavanagh R" first="Rachel" last="Cavanagh">Rachel Cavanagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mouillot, David" sort="Mouillot, David" uniqKey="Mouillot D" first="David" last="Mouillot">David Mouillot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>MARBEC, UMR CNRS-UM2 9190, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>MARBEC, UMR CNRS-UM2 9190, Université Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vause, James" sort="Vause, James" uniqKey="Vause J" first="James" last="Vause">James Vause</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UNEP, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>UNEP, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walpole, Matt" sort="Walpole, Matt" uniqKey="Walpole M" first="Matt" last="Walpole">Matt Walpole</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UNEP, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>UNEP, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cambridge</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings. Biological sciences</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2954</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Meeting the ever-increasing needs of the Earth's human population without excessively reducing biological diversity is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, suggesting that new approaches to biodiversity conservation are required. One idea rapidly gaining momentum-as well as opposition-is to incorporate the values of biodiversity into decision-making using economic methods. Here, we develop several lines of argument for how biodiversity might be valued, building on recent developments in natural science, economics and science-policy processes. Then we provide a synoptic guide to the papers in this special feature, summarizing recent research advances relevant to biodiversity valuation and management. Current evidence suggests that more biodiverse systems have greater stability and resilience, and that by maximizing key components of biodiversity we maximize an ecosystem's long-term value. Moreover, many services and values arising from biodiversity are interdependent, and often poorly captured by standard economic models. We conclude that economic valuation approaches to biodiversity conservation should (i) account for interdependency and (ii) complement rather than replace traditional approaches. To identify possible solutions, we present a framework for understanding the foundational role of hard-to-quantify 'biodiversity services' in sustaining the value of ecosystems to humanity, and then use this framework to highlight new directions for pure and applied research. In most cases, clarifying the links between biodiversity and ecosystem services, and developing effective policy and practice for managing biodiversity, will require a genuinely interdisciplinary approach.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Languedoc-Roussillon</li><li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Londres</li><li>Montpellier</li><li>New York</li><li>Oxford</li></settlement><orgName><li>University College de Londres</li><li>Université Columbia</li><li>Université d'Oxford</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Seddon, Nathalie" sort="Seddon, Nathalie" uniqKey="Seddon N" first="Nathalie" last="Seddon">Nathalie Seddon</name></region><name sortKey="Cavanagh, Rachel" sort="Cavanagh, Rachel" uniqKey="Cavanagh R" first="Rachel" last="Cavanagh">Rachel Cavanagh</name><name sortKey="Mace, Georgina M" sort="Mace, Georgina M" uniqKey="Mace G" first="Georgina M" last="Mace">Georgina M. Mace</name><name sortKey="Pigot, Alex L" sort="Pigot, Alex L" uniqKey="Pigot A" first="Alex L" last="Pigot">Alex L. Pigot</name><name sortKey="Tobias, Joseph A" sort="Tobias, Joseph A" uniqKey="Tobias J" first="Joseph A" last="Tobias">Joseph A. Tobias</name><name sortKey="Vause, James" sort="Vause, James" uniqKey="Vause J" first="James" last="Vause">James Vause</name><name sortKey="Walpole, Matt" sort="Walpole, Matt" uniqKey="Walpole M" first="Matt" last="Walpole">Matt Walpole</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Naeem, Shahid" sort="Naeem, Shahid" uniqKey="Naeem S" first="Shahid" last="Naeem">Shahid Naeem</name></region></country><country name="France"><region name="Occitanie (région administrative)"><name sortKey="Mouillot, David" sort="Mouillot, David" uniqKey="Mouillot D" first="David" last="Mouillot">David Mouillot</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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